Learning Difficulties in Preschool Children - The First Steps to Early Intervention

In my first years as an early childhood teacher in aThe family knows the child best
small private preschool, if one of the children in myWe see the child for part of their day and the family
care was not following the 'norms' of development, it(in many forms) knows the child for hours and years
was not clear to me what I should do. As we all know,that we don't. We see the child in one environment, the
the early childhood field can have a fast turn over offamily sees them in many. We need to offer our
staff in child care centres, and often the Directors orperspective from the setting that we see the child in.
Authorised Supervisors have just as little or less fieldWe need to be clear and concise about our concerns,
experience as other staff.allow the family time to absorb what we are saying,
My confidence as a teacher was the key..."was I rightand to ask questions.
in suspecting a learning difficulty?" With little experienceThe family has the ultimate decision as to what to do
and only 3 years of theoretical knowledge atwith the information
University dotted with intervals of practical teaching, IWe cannot make a family seek further support for
wasn't always confident in my "gut feelings" ortheir child's development. Families have the right to
suspicions of a learning difficulty.disagree with our observations. They also have a right
With years of teaching experience now behind me,to disagree with us initially while they process the
including in early intervention support, coupled with theinformation, and to come back at a later time to
understanding from a parent's perspective, I would likediscuss things further. I remember working with one
to offer some suggestions of what to do when we, asmother for 12 months, offering my professional opinion
early childhood teachers, suspect that a child in ourgently over time and waiting. In time, the mother sought
care has a learning difficulty. The important thing tothe advice of her pediatrician and the child began early
remember is that it's not up to us to make a decisionintervention support.
that a child has or doesn't have a learning difficulty. OurThe family may go through phases of denial, grief
responsibilities lie with gathering developmentalThis is where my perspective as a parent really helps
information, knowing what professionals to refer ame to understand the emotions of families who are
family to, and supporting parents through the processcoming to realize that their child may struggle in certain
Observationsareas of their development...for a time or for life. I
The question I asked myself as a young teacher "wascannot imagine coming to realize that my child would
I right in suspecting a learning difficulty"? was morehave to face battles of learning through the eyes of
about me and my confidence in my ability. Really, weautism or global delay. We need to be sensitive in our
should be asking the question "is there a possibility thatapproach and offer a listening ear or shoulder to cry.
this child has a learning difficulty"? The answer comesWe also need to offer families hope that early
from our knowledge of child development norms, andintervention can really help a child, and that difficulties of
our observations which will tell us if a child is movinglearning may be for a season. My husband's speech
outside those norms. It is very important to remembercouldn't be understood even by his mother at age 3,
that 'norms' have a very wide range. Developmentaland he was identified as being at a yr 2 reading level in
'norms' take away the comparison between children inyear 6. As an adult, his job now requires him to speak
our care and allow us to see where we would expectpublicly on a weekly basis and he has completed 2
children of certain ages to be sitting in theirdegrees and is studying at a doctorate level.
development.Avenues Of Referral
It is also important to remember that a child sittingAs early childhood services, we need to be informed
outside 'norms' of development may not necessarilyabout the referral agencies available to our families. As
have a learning difficulty. However, this decision can bea new graduate, I had no idea where to begin. Let me
left in the hands of those in professions specific tooffer a few broad suggestions, after which each child
particular developmental areas, such as speech andcare service needs to research their own community
occupational therapists.networks:
If a child is moving outside 'norms' of development inThe child's G.P.
one or more developmental areas, then we shouldThe child's paediatrician
make our formal observations into a developmentalThe Local Community Health Centre - which should
report. This report should not make suggestions as toinclude speech therapists, occupational therapists,
what we suspect might be the concern. For example,hearing testing, physiotherapists and social workers.
we should not include that a child is displaying "autisticThese services include diagnostic assessments and
behaviours", as we are not qualified to make thatongoing therapy in particular developmental area and
judgment. Instead, we should be objective and reportare usually available free of charge
on the specific behaviours we observe (eg the childDiagnostic Service
maintains little or no eye contact). As an earlyPrivate Therapists - waiting lists for community health
childhood teacher you might say "but this is not writtencentres can be very long, but may be a family's only
in positive language". I understand that we look at theoption. Other families may have the financial resources
positive aspects of a child's development in ourfor private therapy. One compromise may be to see if
observations. However, I feel that therapists needthe family has the financial resources for an initial
concise and specific information when reading reports,private assessment, which can allow the family and
and while our language should not be negative, it shouldcentre staff to work on some areas of development
be specific.while on the waiting list for ongoing therapy at a
Professional Advicecommunity health centre.
We need to seek the advice of other professionals inIf or when the family choose to seek further advice on
our child care centre, ensuring we maintaintheir child's development, any developmental reports
professionalism and confidentiality. Often the best wayyou have completed should be offered to the family to
this can be done is by asking another team membertake with them.
(possibly the Director or Authorised Supervisor) to alsoSupporting the Child's Development
make specific observations and to give their opinion onWhether a family seek further clarification from
whether a child is moving within developmental normsprofessionals about their child's development or not,
for their age.whether we are waiting for assessments and reports,
Partnering With Parentsor a child is receiving early intervention therapy, we
I think this was the part of the process I dreaded theneed to continue supporting all areas of their
most....discussing my concerns with the child's family.development. We need to continue to view them as a
This fear was not helpful to the family because I wouldchild in our care first and foremost, see the whole
stumble around trying to express my concerns, whichpicture, encourage their strengths and then help their
often confused them more. My time in earlyspecific areas of need.
intervention support helped me to clarify 3 key points: