The Industrialization of American Schooling

A link exists between democracy, industrialization, anddevelop a more efficient school system, and proposed
universal education which can be traced all the waythat the government set up what he called "common
back to our founding fathers in the late 18th century,schools" - schools funded by taxes - in his state of
shortly after our Revolution. They, most notablyMassachusetts. The idea caught fire, and soon spread
Thomas Jefferson and Noah Webster, felt that theto other states which began to see the advantage of
American education system should be the tool withan educated work force as the United States began
which they could create a uniform national culture byto pass other world powers in technology. Many also
blending together all nationalities and religions. Thisnoted that these "common schools" were doing an
system would be based on standardized texts whichadmirable job of merging and mixing the many
would get to the core principles of republicandifferent cultures now in America.
government. They went on to include that if theEvery state government soon had at least some
American voting system was to be successful, theymandatory education laws in place by 1918 - most
would need informed and educated people who canrequired students to attend school until at least the 8th
make sound decisions. Unfortunately, this vision wasgrade or the age of 16. High school continued to be a
not carried out, as two decades later, in the earlyform of higher education, as most students did quit
1800s, the country remained split, with many statesschool after the mandatory 8 years.
thinking of themselves as independent from theShortly after this, however, industrialization made
country as a whole.another big push, and fewer and fewer people were
This education mess seemed to mimic the politics ofmaking a living from agriculture anymore. This growing
the time. Education was not uniform at all, and waseconomy called for more white-collar jobs. Now nearly
primarily administered by separate localities, with no95% of all people under the age of 25 who enter high
coordination among them. For the most part, only theschool have graduated, and 67% of all of those
rich were able to afford the tuition fees necessary forgraduates went on the college - the highest of any
public schooling. High school was even rarer, andnation. The percentage of people going to college is
college was nearly unheard of.currently higher than the percentage of people who
One man, Horace Mann, saw the urgent need towent to high school in 1910.