Pro-Con Debate Topics, Formats and Preparation

Debate has become one of the most effectiveParliamentary Debate, or Parli, is based on the debates
teaching tools inside and outside the classroom. It willthat take place in British parliament. It is often either
not only increase the breadth and depth of a studentsteams of two or four students and they square off
base of knowledge about the debate topics, but willagainst another team. The resolutions are given out
oftentimes force them to look at their personal beliefsbefore each round, often giving students 15-20 minutes
from different points of view. Debate also teachesto prepare.
students a number of essential skills that can benefitThis form of debate is not evidence based, which
them later in life.forces students to stay on top of current issues and
Public speaking has long been a common fear for aevents. Parliamentary debate is considered to be a
majority of adults, however debate offers students aunique form of debate because the opposing team
chance to become comfortable with public speakingcan ask questions while the other team is speaking.
during their youth. It also helps students understand theAdditional Forms
fundamentals of communication such as clarity, brevity,There are a number of additional forms of debate
and focus. Additional life skills that students can learnincluding Mock Trial, Student Congress, Model U.N. and
from debate include basic organizational skills, criticalmany more. Each of them having their own unique set
thinking, persuasion, and research abilities.of rules and regulations that must be followed.
Typical Debate FormatsPreparation
There are a number of different debate formats,While preparation strategies vary greatly from form to
ranging from casual in class debates to extremelyform, there are several constants that span every
competitive formal debates. For debates to begenre. Students will always have a good grasp of
successful, they must include the pros and cons ofcurrent events both locally, nationally, and internationally.
many issues. Here is a quick look at some of the mostThey will also prepare for tournaments months in
common forms of debate, all of which focus onadvance, taking a detailed look at both sides of the
current debates in society and the pros and cons ofissue. This often encompasses hours of relentless
popular issues.research and hours of strategy sessions in order to be
Policy Debatesuccessful.
The term policy debate can encompass a number ofQuick Tips to Speaking Persuasively
forms of debate as well as a number of high school1. Confidence
and collegiate debate organizations including: NDT,As with any other aspect of competition, confidence is
CEDA, and state high school organizations. In this formcritical. It is important for students to remember that in
of debate, students are required to research and usedebate there is no "right" answer. Both teams have
"evidence" or quotations from authoritative sources.their own set of conflicting opinions, and both have
In policy debate there are normally two teams of twomerit. By appearing confident about what they are
debating the pros and cons of a potential policysaying, students will seem more persuasive about the
change. Because of the amount of research requireddebate topics.
for policy debate, the debate topics are decided on2. Filler Words
months before the debate occurs and will remain theIf you watch great presidential debates or even
same throughout the course of the season. Thissuccessful academic debaters, they do not use filler
allows for students to dive very deeply into the topicwords. Filler words include: uh, um, hmm, and...and...and.
area and gain a great amount of knowledge on bothThese words carry add no meaning to what is being
sides of the issue.said and are used to fill the silence when someone is
Lincoln Douglas Debatethinking about what to say next. Silence is much better
Lincoln Douglas Debate is unique because it is the onlythan filler words. Filler words make speakers look
form of debate where it one person against anotherunprepared and often uneducated about popular
instead of two teams against each other. Lincolnissues.
Douglas debate was created to mirror the famous3. An Open Mind
debates of Abraham Lincoln and Stephen Douglas inThere are times when debater must argue against
1858. On the high school level, this form of debateviewpoints that they actually agree with. If they cannot
tends to lean greatly towards contrasting philosophicalhave an open mind, they will not be able to argue
perspectives whereas the collegiate level focusesagainst their beliefs. Even if you do not agree with
primarily on specific policies.what you are saying, that doesn't mean that it is not as
Parliamentary Debatevalid, otherwise current political debates wouldn't exist.